How to Read Your Eye Prescription? (Ankhon ka number samjhein)

Chashmay ki parchi par kya likha hota hai

Ankhon ke muainay ke baad jo parchi (prescription) milti hai, us par aam taur par aik chhota sa table hota hai: har ankh ki aik qatar, aur har paimaish ka aik khana. Us par OD, OS, SPH, CYL, AXIS aur ADD jese mukhtasar alfaaz likhay hote hain.

Ye guide sirf ye samjhati hai ke in alfaaz aur numbers ka matlab kya hai. Ye kisi ki ankhon ke baray mein tashkhees ya ilaj ka mashwara nahi hai. Apni ankhon aur apne number ke baray mein har sawal us doctor ya optometrist se poochein jis ne aap ka muaina kiya hai.

Is guide ke tamam numbers farzi misalein hain, kisi asal mariz ke nahi.

1. OD aur OS ka kya matlab hai?

OD

Latin lafz "Oculus Dexter", yani dayin ankh (right eye).

OS

"Oculus Sinister", yani bayin ankh (left eye).

OU

"Oculus Uterque", yani dono ankhein.

Bohat si parchiyon par in ki jagah seedha R aur L, ya RE aur LE likha hota hai. Taqreeban har parchi par dayin ankh pehle likhi jati hai. Phir bhi lens banwane se pehle dekh lein ke konsi qatar kis ankh ki hai, kyunke dono lens ulat jayen to chashma dobara banana parta hai.

2. SPH (Sphere): lens ki bunyadi power

SPH lens ki asal power hai. Ye diopter (D) mein naapi jati hai aur 0.25 ke qadmon mein likhi jati hai, jese 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00.

• Minus (−): jese −2.00. Minus power dur ki nazar ki correction ke liye likhi jati hai (myopia, jise aam zaban mein dur ki nazar ki kamzori kehte hain).
• Plus (+): jese +1.50. Plus power us correction ke liye likhi jati hai jis mein ankh ko, khas taur par qareeb ke kaam mein, zyada zor lagana parta hai (hyperopia).

Do aur alfaaz jo SPH ke khanay mein mil sakte hain:

• PL ya Plano: yani 0.00, koi power nahi.
• DS: jese −1.75 DS. Matlab "diopters sphere", yani us ankh mein cylinder nahi hai.

Agar kisi number ke sath plus ya minus ka nishan na ho to andaza na lagayen. Jis ne parchi likhi hai us se pooch lein.

3. CYL (Cylinder) aur Axis

CYL ka khana astigmatism ki correction ke liye hota hai. Is ka matlab ye hai ke lens ko aik rukh mein doosray rukh se mukhtalif power chahiye. Agar CYL ka khana khaali ho, ya wahan DS ya SPH likha ho, to us ankh ke liye cylinder nahi likha gaya.

Axis taqat nahi, rukh hai. Ye 1 se 180 degree tak hota hai aur batata hai ke cylinder lens mein kis rukh par lagana hai. Cylinder ke baghair axis ka koi matlab nahi, aur axis ke baghair cylinder adhoora hai; dono hamesha sath likhay jate hain. Aksar axis se pehle × ka nishan hota hai, jese × 180.

Poori line is tarteeb mein parhi jati hai: sphere, cylinder, axis. Misal: −2.00 / −0.50 × 180.

4. Plus cylinder aur minus cylinder

Aik hi lens do tareeqon se likha ja sakta hai: minus cylinder mein ya plus cylinder mein. Dono ka matlab bilkul aik hai. Aksar optometrist aur lens lab minus cylinder mein kaam karte hain, jab ke kai eye specialist plus cylinder mein likhte hain. Is liye do parchiyon ke number alag nazar aa sakte hain halanke lens wohi ho.

Aik shakal se doosri mein badalne ko transposition kehte hain:

1. Naya sphere = sphere + cylinder.
2. Naya cylinder = wohi number, nishan ulta.
3. Naya axis = axis mein 90 jama ya tafreeq, jis se jawab 1 aur 180 ke darmiyan rahe.

Misal: −2.00 / −0.50 × 180 plus cylinder mein −2.50 / +0.50 × 90 banta hai. Purani aur nayi parchi ka muqabla karne se pehle dono ko aik hi shakal mein le aayen. Ye hisaab hamara transposition calculator kar deta hai.

5. ADD (Reading Addition)

ADD wo izafi plus power hai jo qareeb ke kaam, jese parhne, ke liye likhi jati hai. Ye aam taur par 40 saal ki umar ke baad parchi par nazar aati hai (presbyopia). ADD hamesha plus hoti hai, chahe nishan na laga ho, aur aksar dono ankhon ke liye aik jesi hoti hai.

Sirf parhne ka chashma banana ho to ADD ko SPH mein jama kiya jata hai; CYL aur axis wese hi rehte hain. Misal ke taur par dur ka number −2.00 / −0.50 × 180 ho aur ADD +2.00, to parhne ka number 0.00 / −0.50 × 180 banta hai.

Bifocal ya progressive lens ke liye lab ko dur ka number aur ADD alag alag diye jate hain.

6. PD, Prism aur VA

PD (Pupillary Distance)

Dono putliyon ke markaz ka darmiyani fasla, millimeter mein. Ye aik number (jese 62) ya har ankh ka alag (jese 31 / 31) likha jata hai. Bohat si parchiyon par PD nahi hota; optician frame chunte waqt khud naapta hai.

Prism aur Base

Ye khanay zyada tar parchiyon par khaali hote hain. Agar bharay hon to prism ki miqdaar aur us ka rukh likha hota hai: BU (base up), BD (base down), BI (base in, naak ki taraf) ya BO (base out, kaan ki taraf).

VA (Visual Acuity)

Jese 6/6 ya 6/12. Ye chart par nazar ki paimaish hai, lens ki power nahi.

Sample prescription, line ba line

Ye aik farzi misal hai, sirf parhne ka tareeqa dikhane ke liye.

• Dayin ankh: sphere −2.00, cylinder −0.50, axis 180. Aik line mein: −2.00 / −0.50 × 180.
• Bayin ankh: sphere −1.75, aur DS ka matlab hai ke is ankh mein cylinder nahi, is liye axis ka khana khaali hai.
• ADD +2.00: dono ankhon ke liye. Sirf parhne ke chashmay ka number dayin ke liye 0.00 / −0.50 × 180 aur bayin ke liye +0.25 banega.

Wo sawal jo log counter par poochte hain

Mera number pichli baar se badal gaya hai, kyun?

Parchi sirf ye batati hai ke lens kya banana hai, ye nahi ke number kyun badla. Ye sawal us se poochein jis ne muaina kiya hai. Optician aap ko sirf ye bata sakta hai ke purani aur nayi parchi ke numbers mein kya farq hai.

Kya isi parchi se contact lens mil sakte hain?

Nahi. Chashmay ki parchi aur contact lens ki parchi alag hoti hain. Contact lens ki parchi mein base curve, diameter aur lens ki qisam bhi likhi hoti hai, aur zyada number mein power bhi mukhtalif ho sakti hai. Is ke liye alag fitting hoti hai.

Meri parchi par CYL plus mein hai aur dukan wale ne minus mein likha. Kya ghalti hai?

Zaroori nahi. Ye wohi lens ho sakta hai jo doosri shakal mein likha gaya ho; upar transposition ka hissa dekhein. Shak ho to dukan wale se kahein ke dono shaklein aap ke samne likh kar dikhaye.

Parchi par lens ki qisam ya coating kyun nahi likhi?

Lens ka material, coating, progressive ka design aur frame parchi ka hissa nahi hote. Ye cheezein optical counter par chuni jati hain.

Mazeed tafseel

Is guide ka mufassal English version, jis mein spherical equivalent, vertex distance aur teen mukammal misalein hain, yahan hai: How to Read Your Eye Prescription. Website ke tamam optical calculators muft hain. Calculators aur is maloomat ki hadein hamare disclaimer mein likhi hain.

Questions

OD aur OS ka kya matlab hai?

OD dayin ankh (right eye) hai aur OS bayin ankh (left eye). OU ka matlab dono ankhein hai. Kai parchiyon par in ki jagah R aur L likha hota hai.

SPH mein minus aur plus ka kya matlab hai?

SPH lens ki bunyadi power hai, diopter mein. Minus power dur ki nazar ki correction ke liye likhi jati hai aur plus power us correction ke liye jis mein ankh ko qareeb ke kaam mein zyada zor lagana parta hai. Apne number ke baray mein sawal apne doctor ya optometrist se poochein.

CYL aur Axis kya hote hain?

CYL astigmatism ki correction ki power hai, aur Axis 1 se 180 degree tak ka rukh hai jo batata hai ke cylinder lens mein kahan lagana hai. Dono hamesha sath likhay jate hain.

ADD kya hota hai?

ADD qareeb ke kaam ke liye izafi plus power hai. Sirf parhne ka chashma banana ho to ADD ko SPH mein jama kiya jata hai, aur CYL aur Axis wese hi rehte hain.

Kya chashmay ki parchi se contact lens liye ja sakte hain?

Nahi. Contact lens ki parchi alag hoti hai aur us mein base curve, diameter aur lens ki qisam bhi likhi hoti hai. Is ke liye alag fitting hoti hai.